Heat stroke, also known as sun stroke, is a type of severe heat illness that results in a body temperature greater than 40.0 °C (104.0 °F). Other symptoms include red, dry or damp skin, headache, and dizziness.
Heat stroke occurs because of high external temperatures or physical exertion. Risk factors include heat waves, high humidity, certain drugs, alcohol, heart disease, and skin disorders.
To prevent heat stroke, a person should drink sufficient fluids and avoid excessive heat. Treatment is by rapid physical cooling of the body and supportive care. Some recommended methods include spraying the person with water and using a fan, putting the person in ice water, or giving cold intravenous fluids.
Heat stroke results in more than 600 deaths a year in the United States. The risk of death is less than 5% in those with exercise-induced heat stroke and as high as 65% in those with non-exercise induced cases.